Skip to main content
Journal of Internet Services and Applications
Download PDF

Vehicular communications: emergency video streams and network coding

Journal of Internet Services and Applications volume 1, pages 57–68 (2010)Cite this article

Abstract

Vehicular communications are becoming a reality driven by various applications. Among those applications safe navigation support is of most significance. In designing such navigation safety applications, reliable dissemination of data, i.e., every affected vehicle receives data, is the key issue. Past research focused on the reliable dissemination problem of plain media type (e.g., text) safety messages, whereas we look at the problem of reliable and efficient dissemination of multimedia type (e.g., video, audio) safety information. Considering the potential volume of multimedia traffic in a large metropolis and the unpredictability of vehicular networks (e.g., high speed, partitions, obstacles, radio propagation anomalies, radio interference, etc.), reliable and efficient multimedia dissemination is non-trivial. By using a recently developed technique, network coding, we describe a method for reliable dissemination of video streams in case of emergencies. Simulation results show that in a typical setting, with representative channel errors/losses, our approach yields near 100% delivery ratio as compared to 92% delivery ratio by traditional multicasting. More importantly, the overhead is reduced by as much as 60%. Another important benefit is robustness to temporary disconnections. If the column of vehicles on the road has gaps, network coding jointly with “data muling” using vehicles in the opposite directions can deliver the multimedia files even to intermittently connected components.

References

  1. Ahlswede R, Cai N, Li S-YR, Yeung RW (2000) Network information flow. IEEE Trans Inform Theory 46(4):1204–1216

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  2. Chou P, Wu Y, Jain K (2003) Practical network coding. In: Proceedings of the 51st Allerton conference on communication, control and computing, October 2003

  3. Deb S, Médard M, Chout C (2004) Algebraic gossip: a network coding approach to optimal multiple rumor mongering. In: Proceedings of the Allerton’04, Allerton, IL, September 2004

  4. Dikaiakos MD, Iqbal S, Nadeem T, Iftode L (2005) Vitp: an information transfer protocol for vehicular computing. In: VANET’05, September 2005

  5. Guo M, Ammar MH, Zegura EW (2005) V3: a vehicle-to-vehicle live video streaming architecture. In: PerCom’05, March 2005

  6. Ho T, Médard M, Koetter R, Karger DR, Effros M, Shi J, Leong B (2006) A random linear network coding approach to multicast. October 2006

  7. Katti S, Katabi D, Hu W, Rahul H, Médard M (2005) The importance of being opportunistic: practical network coding for wireless environments. In: Proceedings of the 43rd annual Allerton conference on communication, control, and computing, September 2005

  8. Khalili R, Salamatian K (2005) A new relaying scheme for cheap wireless relay nodes. In: Proceedings of the third international symposium on modeling and optimization in mobile, ad hoc, and wireless networks (WIOPT 2005), April 2005, pp 197–206

  9. Koetter R, Médard M (2003) An algebraic approach to network coding. IEEE/ACM Trans Netw 11(5):782–795

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Korkmaz G, Ekici E, Özgüner F, Özgüner U (2004) Urban multi-hop broadcast protocols for inter-vehicle communication systems. In: VANET’04, Philadelphia, PA, USA, October 2004

  11. Lee S-J, Su W, Gerla M (2002) On-demand multicast routing protocol in multihop wireless mobile networks. ACM/Kluwer mobile networks and applications, special issue on Multipoint Commun Wirel Mob Netw

  12. Lieu H (2003) Revised monograph on traffic flow theory. US Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration

  13. Lun DS, Médard M, Koetter R (2005) Efficient operation of wireless packet networks using network coding. In: Proceedings of the international workshop on convergent technologies (IWCT), June 2005. Invited paper

  14. Lun DS, Médard M, Koetter R, Effros M (2008) On coding for reliable communication over packet networks. Phys Commun 1(1):3–20

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Maymounkov P, Harvey NJA, Lun DS (2006) Methods for efficient network coding. In: Proceedings of the 44th annual Allerton conference on communication, control, and computing

  16. Nadeem T, Dashtinezhad S, Liao C, Iftode L (2003) TrafficView: traffic data dissemination using car-to-car communication. ACM Mob Comput Commun Rev 8(3):6–19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Nandan A, Tewari S, Das S, Gerla M, Kleinrock L (2006) Adtorrent: delivering location cognizant advertisements to car networks. In: Proceedings of the third annual conference on wireless on demand network systems and services WONS’06

  18. Scalable networks. http://www.scalable-networks.com

  19. Park J-S, Lee U, Oh SY, Gerla M, Lun DS, Ro WW, Park J (2008) Delay analysis of car-to-car reliable data delivery strategies based on data muling with network coding. IEICE Trans Inf Syst (10)

  20. Park J-S, Lun DS, Yi Y, Gerla M, Médard M (2006) Codecast: a network-coding-based ad hoc multicast protocol. IEEE Wirel Commun 13(5)

  21. Ross SM Introduction to Probability Models, 6th edn. Academic Press, New York (1997)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  22. Sun MT, Huang L, Arora A, Lai TH (2002) Reliable MAC layer multicast in IEEE 802.11 wireless networks. In: ICCP’02, Vancouver, August 2002

  23. Tang K, Gerla M (2001) MAC Reliable Broadcast in Ad Hoc Networks. In: Proceedings of the IEEE MILCOM’01, Washington, DC, October 2001

  24. Tsugawa S (2000) An introduction to Demo 2000: the cooperative driving scenario. IEEE Intell Syst 15(4):78–79

    Google Scholar 

  25. Widmer J, Fragouli C, Le Boudec J-Y (2005) Low-complexity energy-efficient broadcasting in wireless ad hoc networks using network coding. In: Proceedings of the WINMEE, RAWNET and NETCOD 2005 workshops, April 2005

  26. Wu H, Fujimoto R, Riley G (2004) Analytical models for data dissemination in vehicle-to-vehicle networks. In: Proceedings of the VTC’04, September 2004

  27. Xu K, Gerla M, Bae S (2002) How effective is the IEEE 802.11 RTS/CTS handshake in ad hoc networks? In: Proceedings of the IEEE GLOBECOM’02

  28. Yadumurthy RM, Sadashivaiah ACHM, Makanaboyina R (2005) Reliable MAC broadcast protocol in directional and omni-directional transmissions for vehicular ad hoc networks. In: Proceedings of the VANET’05, September 2005

  29. Yuen W, Yates R, Sung C (2003) Effect of node mobility on highway mobile infostation networks. In: Proceedings of the MSWiM’03, September 2003

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hongik University, 72-1 Sangsoo-dong, Mapo-gu, Seoul, South Korea

    Joon-Sang Park

  2. Bell Labs, Alcatel-Lucent, 791 Holmdel-Keyport Rd., Holmdel, NJ, 07733, USA

    Uichin Lee

  3. University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA

    Mario Gerla

Authors
  1. Joon-Sang Park
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Uichin Lee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Mario Gerla
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Joon-Sang Park.

Rights and permissions

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Park, JS., Lee, U. & Gerla, M. Vehicular communications: emergency video streams and network coding. J Internet Serv Appl 1, 57–68 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13174-010-0006-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13174-010-0006-7

Keywords